Extraction and Socket Preservation before Implant Placement Using Freeze-Dried Allograft (FDBA) and Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Smokers: Radiographic and Histological Evaluation

Background: Dental extraction can initiate a sequence of biological events that may lead to an insufficient bone volume, which compromise implant placement. To minimize loss, alveolar ridge preservation procedures were developed. However, smoking has been shown adversely affect the outcomes procedures. Hence, this clinical study aimed assess ability platelet-rich fibrin maintain volume and its generate vital in smokers. Methods: Eighteen current heavy smokers with total forty upper molars indicated for placement randomly allocated four different groups: advanced group (A-PRF) (n = 10), factor-enriched graft matrix covered by A-PRF (A/S-PRF) 10); freeze-dried allograft crosslinked collagen membrane (FDBA/CM) served as positive control; negative-control resorbable plug (RCP) 10). Two consecutive high-resolution CBCT images taken each augmented socket evaluate one at baseline other after six months, measurements (vertical height, horizontal 1 mm H1, 3 mm, 5 mm) image. vitality, three samples harvested analyzed histologically using H E staining. The results SPSS version 26.0 through Wilcoxon sign rank test Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: In terms preserving A/S-PRF showed no significant reduction while loss according two mm), last groups all measurements. For formation, (A-PRF, A/S-PRF, RCP) generation only bone, fourth mixture non-vital bone. Conclusions: Based on study, PRF was able following dental